derives its value from the state in the parent component and notifies the parent component of user actions through callbacks
store the user’s responses in the component state as soon as they enter them, rather than waiting for them to submit the form to get real time feedback and a better user experience
by accessing the value of the input element through the event object
a shorthand way of writing conditional statements in JavaScript.
if(x===y){ console.log(true); } else { console.log(false); }
(x === y) ? console.log(true) : console.log(false);